Beyond investing, what tools does a private bank use that a standalone RIA typically cannot offer?

How to answer

A private bank can lend against the client's balance sheet — most importantly securities-based or Lombard lending, where the client borrows against their portfolio (typically at a 50–80% loan-to-value depending on the assets) without selling and triggering capital gains — plus jumbo and structured mortgages, art and aircraft financing, and bespoke credit. It also delivers trust and estate services, philanthropic structuring, and deposit products. This combination of the bank's balance sheet plus investing is the structural advantage private banks have over investment-only RIAs.

Key idea: Lending against the portfolio — Lombard / securities-based loans.